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Anoosh

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· 1 Months ago

Inappropriate options. (Question: 151540.8 )

In no ways preventing is the synonym for Hindering.

Question:

DIRECTIONS: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words or phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions. 


Three years ago, Rukhsar Khatun, then 15 months old, was diagnosed with polio. She now has a crippled leg and struggles to keep up with her friends. But this little girl, from a West Bengal village, can claim some fame she is with luck, the last Indian to be infected with the wild polio virus. Enough time has passed with no new case for India, shortly to be certified as free of the scourge. 


That is a big success. India’s anti-polio campaign began in 1995 with severe disadvantages. The country spends little on public health, barely 1% of GDP, and has been awful at immunizing children. Very few parents know the basics of hygiene and nutrition. Factors that have hindered immunization efforts in India range from bad sanitation, large remote populations to vast migrations from villages to slums. 


Yet much has gone right. The anti-polio campaign received over $3 billion, mostly from within India itself, and deployed 2.4 m vaccinators. UNICEF, the World Health Organiation (WHO), Rotary International and the Gates Foundation (both charities) gave technical help. Religious leaders reassured people suspicious about vaccinations, and politicians knocked on doors to make sure children took their medicine. 


At the peak of coverage, 99.7% of the target population swallowed anti-polio drops, according to Anuradha Gupta of the national health ministry. That is startlingly high, considering that a decade ago “universal” vaccination coverage for seven preventable diseases (such as diphtheria, telanus, hepatitis B) was a pitiful 30% in Bihar, a big, poor northern state. 


India’s campaign has been successful enough for its lessons to be applied in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria, the last places with endemic polio (foreign fighters may have reintroduced it to Syria, too). Vaccinators learned to attend, especially to mobile populations like seasonal workers at brick kilns, and found that many migrants are best reached not at home but at bus and railway stations. 


Good monitoring was crucial too. In Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, vaccinators visited 60m households several times a year. To compile data on recipients some 400,000 hard to reach population groups were carefully tracked and plotted, down to each household. Data passed early to decision makers, at the district-official level, allowed a quick response to new cases.


India now looks more capable of fighting other, deadlier, diseases. It plans to eradicate measles by 2020. It killed 66,000 children a year as recently as 2010, half the world total that year. In the past three years 140m children have been injected with extra doses of measles vaccine, so the toll should have fallen. Universal vaccination coverage is rising, too. In Bihar it has reached 70%. Ms. Gupta suggests that nationally it is above 78%.


The next step is to give the army of vaccinators more tasks. A vaccine is being developed against diarrhoea - responsible for the deaths of as many as.1.4 m Indian infants and toddlers who still die every year. The vaccinators could also lead a planned campaign on hygiene and nutrition. A screening programme, launched in 2012, involves 5,000 mobile health centres. These have diagnosed 700,000 children with one of 30 common medical conditions and treated, so far, 100,000 of them. Spreading education, as well as care, would bring greater success.

Select the word which is most opposite in meaning to the word given in bold as used in the passage


HINDERED

Options:
A) Curbed
B) Prevented
C) impeded
D) Facilitated
E) Delayed
Solution:
Ans: (d) Except choice (d) all other options are synonyms of the headword. Therefore the apt antonym is ‘facilitated’.

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