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Abhishek

· started a discussion

· 1 Months ago

26vs24 (Question:160710.5)

If we relate the ans of 24 and 26 , seems to be not appropriate

Question:

DIRECTIONS: Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it. 


The single most important and fundamental difference between Chinese and Occidental peoples is undoubtedly the role played by the individual in the society. In the West, we place a strong emphasis on personal achievement, creativity, and initiative. We glory in our individual differences, nurture them, and value them as the essential features that make us unique. Indeed, uniqueness is a goal unto itself in the West; it's vitally important to us that we not be exactly like other people. 


Who in the West hasn't been admonished to be your own person, or to look out for yourself because no one else can be counted on to look out for you ? Who has never been praised for standing up for what you personally believe in, especially when the tide of opinion is flowing in the opposite direction ? Among Western peoples, the premium is not on conformity; it is on individual expression and rugged independence.


In China, on the other hand and no matter which side of the Taiwan strait children are given an entirely different set of messages. Don't question the world around you or try to change it; accept it. Submit willingly and unquestioningly to authority. Your importance as an individual is not nearly as great as that of the role you play in a larger group.


That "larger group" may have appeared different in ancient China from what it looks like today. In Imperial China, it would have been one's extended family grandparents, father, mother, siblings, uncles, aunts, and cousins of all descriptions, all of whom might well have lived together in the same compound. In modern day China, the group might be one's nuclear family, one's class at school, one's military unit, fellow members of a delegation. The situation varies; the dynamics, however, are much the same no matter what the group is.


Group process in China is not merely based on the authority of the leaders; there is a real premium on consensus. Matters are often debated at great length until agreement is reached on a course of action. And once a decision has been made, individual group members are expected to embrace it and act on it. This is one reason you will seldom hear a Chinese make an irreverent comment, or openly express a view at odds with that of his or her unit. Toeing the mark is important, and it is enforced.


In essence, Chinese enter into a sort of compact with their groups; in exchange for obedience and loyalty, they can expect protection and support and be confident that their well being will be a matter of concern to the group as a whole. Group membership requires that they subordinate their own wills to that of the whole and make decisions based on the best interests of the larger group, not personal selfishness. Chinese people must listen to those in authority and do as they say. And their actions, for good or ill, reflect not only on themselves but also on all of their compatriots. 


Telephone etiquette provides still another illustration of the pre–eminence of the group in Chinese society. You generally do not identify yourself personally when answering the telephone; what is deemed important is your work unit. The fact that common practice is to answer "I am the Ministry of Foreign Trade" rather than "I am Mr. Wang" speaks volumes about the relative importance of the individual and the group. So does the fact that it is units, and not individuals, that invite foreign guests,arrange activities for them, and sign contracts with them.


Although Chinese people must be ever vigilant in fulfilling obligations to fellow group members, it's important to note that as a rule they feel no comparable responsibility toward outsiders. Courtesy and hospitality are frequently not forthcoming when Chinese deal with people with whom they have no connections. Indeed, they are capable of treating one another with indifference that can border on cruelty. The "us-them" dichotomy often surfaces in the work of the government in the form of intractable bureaucratic rivalries that impede progress and innovation. It has sometimes been pointed out that one of the Chinese culture's major failings is that its people just don't know how to treat outsiders. Ironically but luckily, foreigners are generally exempt from this kind of treatment, their very foreignness earning them favourable treatment as honoured guests.

The Chinese way of living can best be synopsised by which of the following?

Options:
A) Many hands make light work
B)

The culture and tradition of a nation is the sum total of the culture and tradition of the individual constituents that go to make it

C) One for all and all for one
D) Problems are best surmounted collectively
E) None of the above
Solution:
Ans: (c) Though each of the option is a maxim by itself, as far as the passage is concerned, option (c) best relates and is the underlying ideology upon which is founded the Chinese way of living. The concept of living in and working for a ‘group’ strengthens the idea contained in this option. The remaining options pale out before (c).

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