Reader's Digest - Are you ready to enhance your critical reasoning skills for the CLAT exam? Dive into the world of CLAT passage solving questions for critical reasoning & learn how to analyze complex texts and identify key arguments.

As per the Consortium's CLAT paper pattern, the Logical Reasoning section of CLAT comprises 22-26 questions.

Questions that include an argument, assumption, identifying the assumption of an argument, evaluating the argument, and deriving a conclusion are categorized under critical reasoning. 

Are you wondering what type of questions can be asked under this section? This post will walk you through passage-solving questions for critical reasoning in CLAT, tricks for attempting questions quickly in the exam, and more.

So, what are you looking for? Let's dive into the post to know the questions asked from critical reasoning.

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Types of Critical Reasoning Questions for CLAT 2025

In the CLAT exam, the logical reasoning section shall include comprehension-based passages followed by 4-5 multiple-choice questions.

All answers to questions in this section follow the simple idea of the most logical recourse in a situation or the conditional provided in the critical reasoning passages for CLAT.

While solving these questions, CLAT time management tips are vital in qualifying for the exam. Therefore, solving as many questions as possible from the previous year's question papers will help your time management skills and speed in the final exam.

The following are critical reasoning questions that might appear in the upcoming exam:

Question Type	Description
(1) Weaken the Argument	Identify information that weakens the given argument.
(2) Strengthen the Argument	Find evidence or reasoning that strengthens the argument.
(3) Supply the Assumption	Determine the underlying assumption required for the argument to hold true.
(4) Supply the Conclusion	Provide the appropriate conclusion based on the given information.
(5) Structure of the Argument	Analyze the logical structure of the argument.
(6) The flaw in the Argument	Identify the error or weakness in the given argument.
(7) Paradox Questions	Address questions that present seemingly contradictory or conflicting information.
(8) Evaluate the Conclusion	Assess the validity or soundness of the given conclusion.

Passage Solving Questions for Critical Reasoning in CLAT 2025

Below are some important passage-solving questions for the critical reasoning section of the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT).

Practising these questions will help enhance your logical reasoning preparation for CLAT.

Logical Reasoning Passage based Questions for Passage No. 1 (Question 1 - Question 5)

The President of India has sent condolences to Vandana Mishra's family after she died in Kanpur late Friday night when the car carrying her to the hospital was stopped for the presidential convoy to pass. But while the president's response is in keeping with the obligations of his high office, the Kanpur tragedy is by no means unique.

VVIP convoys have become yet another manifestation of a political and administrative culture where public servants' self-esteem depends on their distance from the public. Police are overzealous because they respond to a system where public inconvenience is an extremely low priority.

(1) VVIP convoys in Indian cities are particularly unwelcome. Most cities suffer terrible traffic congestion in Mumbai; it is estimated that a trip takes about 53% more time than it should, in Bengaluru 51%, and in New Delhi 47%. On top of this, there are few green corridors for ambulances. So, road blockades set up to smoothen the VVIP movement worsen the situation painfully. There was hope following the 2017 Union Cabinet decision to end the Lal Batti Raj. But long-snaking VVIP convoys aren't part of this change. And MLAs from Haryana to Himachal Pradesh have tried to retain traffic privileges with flags atop their vehicles.

By contrast, in America, the idea of holding up citizens for hours for the convenience of politicians would be laughable. (2) In New Zealand, when the PM's motorcade was caught over the speed limit, it was fined for dangerous driving. In Scandinavian countries, far from reserving a faster lane for themselves, netas take public transport shoulder to shoulder with citizens. This is the direction our democracy must take, too. For VVIP protection, the state must deploy smarter security arrangements and nix those convoys. When public servants are driven, let the public not be driven to despair. 

(Extracted with edits and revisions from The Times of India)

Question (1). Which among the following does the author of the passage convey the most significant message?

(a). The VVIP system is unsuitable for countries like India since it causes inconvenience to common people.

(b). A public servant's self-esteem carries a lot more significance than that of a common man. 

(c). It is time that the state does away with convoys and brings up a smarter security system for VVIPs.

(d). The President should be held responsible for the death of Vandana Mishra.

Answer: (c)

Question (2). What role do the statements marked [1] and [2] play? 

(a). [1] and [2] are used as evidence to support two different claims of the author. 

(b). [1] is the author's claim, and [2] is used as evidence to support a subsequent argument.

(c). [1] is the author's main claim, and [2] is one of the author's. 

(d). [1] is one of the author's claims, and [2] supports that claim?

Answer: (b)

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Question (3). What direction should India take from the various countries mentioned in the passage? 

1. Hold up citizens for long hours for politicians.
2. Levying a penalty on politicians' vehicles for violating traffic rules.

III. Oblige politicians to use public transport

(a). Only I

(b). Only II

(c). Both II and III

(d). All I, II, and III

Answer: (b)

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Question (4). If the information set out in the passage is true, which of the following must be true?

(a). The tragedy that happened due to the convoy of the President is one of the last such tragedies.

(b). At least one political and administrative manifestation should be done away with in India.

(c). Deploying smarter security systems for VVIP convoys is a one-stop solution for the perils of democracy. 

(d). VVIP convoys should not be eliminated within a democracy such as India.

Answer: (b)

Question (5). While giving examples of Western countries, which among the following assumptions is made by the author?

(a). The traffic situation in Indian and Western countries is broadly similar.

(b). All countries being mentioned in the examples are Democracies.

(c). Time is the essence of Life.

(d). Politicians should be held responsible for their actions.

Answer: (a)

Passage No. 2 (Question 6 to Question 10): 

Getting re-elected is a heady feeling. The incumbent leaders of Kerala, Assam and West Bengal have every right to be pleased with themselves and deserve kudos. Mamata Banerjee deserves special commendation for not just surviving but raising her party's vote share in a battle in which she forsook the safety of her traditional seat and took the challenge to her local rival's home turf. However, it would be a mistake for these parties to think they just need to keep doing what they have been doing for a repeat performance five years from now.

Politics keeps changing, throwing up fresh challenges. The past achievement could lull the achievers into a false sense of complacency. That would be a big mistake. Pinarayi Vijayan in Kerala impressed the normally cynical Malayalis with his crisis management skills. However, the state cannot be in permanent crisis for him to keep impressing his voters. He needs new ideas for the state's economic development beyond the welfare he has perfected as part of crisis management. The BJP in Assam got a free pass, thanks to the listless Congress leadership of the state. What should have been the Congress leadership is with the BJP, leaving the Congress with the scion of its three-time chief minister to lead the party with few credentials other than his lineage. That would not be the case forever. The BJP needs to find a solution to the NRC crisis it has created.

Mamata Banerjee would do well to appreciate that the BJP's campaign against her appeasement politics has a lot of purchase among the people. Further, people expect less corruption and hate the culture of political violence even if successful politicians are ill-disposed towards unsolicited advice.

[Extracted with edits and revisions from Economic Times]

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 Question (6). Out of the following, which option is the most appropriate main idea conveyed by the author in the passage?

(a). Mamata Banerjee must prove to her state that she can be their leader.

(b). Leaders elected for the first time would do well to keep complacency out of their way.

(c). Getting re-elected does not give the leaders a licence to be complacent. 

(d). Re-election in the next election for the elected leaders will be difficult.

Answer: (c)

Question (7). Which among the following views can be reasonably attributed to the author? 

(a) Politics is volatile, and adaptable people would do much better here. 

(b) Leaders do not have a right to celebrate being re-elected as leaders of their states.

(c) The BJP in Assam did not have to work hard to be elected for the first time.

(d) None of the views can be reasonably attributed to the author.

Answer: (a) 

Question (8). Which among the following does the author make an assumption? (Humble means not complacent).

(a) Parties are mistaken for thinking they can keep doing what they did now and get reelected after 5 years.

(b) Being complacent for a re-elected leader is not impossible.

(c) Both a and b.

(d) Neither a nor b.

Answer: (b)

Question (9). What is the technique used by the author to frame his arguments? 

(a). The author gives a background, makes his claim and follows it with pieces of evidence.

(b). The author rejects a generalisation by showing that it fails to hold in another instance.

(c). The author makes a casual argument by providing illogical premises. 

(d). The author rejects an idea about a particular event, giving reasons for rejecting it.

Answer: (a)

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Question (10). Which among the following is true about the states and the leaders mentioned in the passage?

1. Pinarayi Vijayan has performed well only when his state is going through a crisis.
2. The problem of NRC has been created by the people of one of our neighbouring countries, and the BJP should solve it.

III. Mamata Banerjee appeasement politics is not found to be affable among the people.

(a). Only I

(b). Only III

(c). Both I and III

(d). All I, II, and III

Answer: (b)

Passage No. 3 (Question.11 to Question.14)

Film-makers around the world have often made extraordinary efforts to keep cinema alive. Under a repressive regime in Iran, directors such as Abbas Kiarostami, Mohsen Makhmalbaf and Majid Majidi fought for art as a basic social need with films like Where is the Friend's Home? The Cyclist and Children of Heaven. During the Emergency, when the government apparatus came down heavily on any criticism in India, the prints of Amrit Nahata's political satire Kissa Kursi Ka, filmed in 1975, were destroyed. Even though a revised version was released in 1978, it invited several cuts from the Central Board of Film Certification. For the past few years, the CBFC has objected to the content of several films, ordering cuts. A proposed amendment to the Cinematograph Act 1952 will make it even more difficult for filmmakers to work on thorny or controversial subjects. The draft Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill 2021, which has been put out for public comments, has a provision allowing the Government to re-certify a film already certified by the CBFC. Film-makers argue that the new provision adds more censorship to the existing process. Already in April, the Government took the ordinance route to scrap the Film Certificate Appellate Tribunal (FCAT), a statutory body set up to hear appeals of filmmakers against decisions of the CBFC.

In 2000, the Supreme Court upheld the verdict of the Karnataka High Court in the K.M. Shankarappa vs Union of India case that the Union government cannot exercise revisional powers in respect of films that are already certified by the CBFC. The draft acknowledges the existing apex court order. Still, it has added a new clause: "...that on receipt of any references by the Central government in respect of a film certified for public exhibition, on account of violation of Section 5B (1) of the Act, the Central Government may, if it considers it necessary so to do, direct the chairman of the board to re-examine the film. The provision of Section 5B (1) of the Act, the draft says, is derived from Article 19 (2) of the Constitution, "which imposes reasonable restrictions upon the freedom of speech and expression in the interests of sovereignty and integrity of India... New restrictive laws have also come into place for over-the-top (OTT) platforms. Giving the Government powers to vet content curbs freedom of expression and ques democratic dissent. Fresh barriers to content generation threaten the existing space for public discourse. They indicate the current pressures on freedoms from the authoritarian tendencies of the ruling establishment. (Extracted with edits and revisions from TheHindu)

Question (11). The central concern of the passage is: 

(a). New layer of censorship to the cinema. 

(b). Difference between cinema around the world. 

(c). Implications of a Supreme Court order. 

(d). Functions of Central Board of Film Certification.

Answer: (a)

Question (12). Out of the following options, the author suggests that:

(a). The Constitution makers of India committed an error by imposing some restrictions on Article 19(2).

(b). Some of the provisions of draft amendments sought to be made to the Cinematograph Act are unreasonable. 

(c). The government's proposal for the draft amendments aligns with the SC's decision.

(d) Since the makers of the Constitution imposed reasonable restrictions on Article 19(2), they were undemocratic.

Answer: (b)

Question (13). What message is most appropriate for the author to convey when discussing the prints of Amrit Nahata's " Kissa Kursi Ka? "

(a). The author wants to suggest that Kissa Kursi ka was one of the finest novels of its time. (b). The author wants to prove that the lack of original content in Indian cinema is due to censorship. 

(c). The author wants to explain the degree of censorship prevalent during that time in India.

(d). The author wants to convey the difference between Indian cinema and Iran's cinema.

Answer: (c)

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Question 14. Which among the following does not strengthen the government's stance about the Draft amendments to the Cinematograph Act?

1. Last year, a film named 'Kranti' incited violence among the groups; this was not a one-off incident.
2. India is not the first democratic country to bring in new censorship laws.

III. Pakistan, a democratic country, passed a similar amendment law last year, and its impact on the production of cinema that portrays the government in a negative light was quite visible.

(a). Only I

(b). Only II

(c). Only III

(d). All I, II and III

Answer: (c)

Passage No. 4 (Question 15 to Question 17)

The natural processes which dispose of carbon dioxide are, in the aggregate, rather slow, which means that an increase in the atmosphere's carbon-dioxide level will, left to itself, last a long time. In the face of such slow removal, the gas level can't be lowered simply by stabilizing the emission rate; instead, emissions must be cut to zero. Because the harm the gas does is slow and cumulative, the benefits of any such emission cuts will be delayed and uncertain, whereas the costs are all upfront. And gas's longevity means it is spread more or less evenly around the world, with the result that the fate of a country's climate depends not on its own emissions but on those of the world as a whole.

A challenge that requires fundamental shifts in the energy economy globally with benefits for a long time was never going to be easy to solve.

Question (15). Which of the following will follow the highlighted sentence? 

(a). That is why countries worry about their populace's health consequences

(b). That is why countries are investing in newer technologies.

(c). That is why countries are reluctant to cut carbon emissions to zero.

(d). That is why emissions cannot be cut to zero

Answer: (c)

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Question (16). According to the passage, if emission levels are cut to zero,

(a). Global warming can be arrested immediately.

(b). The benefits will be slow and cumulative.

(c). The benefits will be a long time coming.

(d). There will be no tangible results at all.

Answer: (c)

Question (17). According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred?

(a). Countries are investing in technologies to quickly dispose of carbon.

(b). Natural processes can be tweaked to quickly dispose of carbon.

(c). Countries realize that ultimately carbon will be disposed of, and there is no need to invest in emission technologies.

(d). As of now, countries can only depend on national processes to dispose of carbon

Answer: (d)

Passage No. 5 (Question 18 and Question 19)

Most firms consider expert individuals too elitist, temperamental, egocentric, and difficult to work with. Force such people to collaborate on a high-stakes project, and they might come to fisticuffs. Even the very notion of managing such a group seems unimaginable. So most organizations fall into default mode, setting up project teams of people who get along nicely. The result is mediocrity.

Question (18). According to the passage, which of the following options is true: 

(a). Experts are not worth the remuneration they are paid.

(b). Experts are intractable.

(c). Experts are replaced with manageable people.

(d). Manageable people accomplish high-stake projects with flying colours.

Options:

(I). All the four

(II). Only b, c and d

(III). Only b and c

(IV). None of the above

Answer: (III)

Question (19). According to the passage, it can be inferred that:

(a). Experts are required to accomplish a high-stake project.

(b). Neither teams of experts nor teams of amicable managers are good for high-stake projects.

(c). Amicable teams cannot complete a high-stakes project.

(d). A team of experts is better managed when taught how to work in teams.

Answer: (b)

CLAT Critical Reasoning Questions for Passage No. 6 (Question 20 to Question 23)

Moreover, as medical technology continues to improve, it brings people back from ever closer to death. A small, lucky handful of people have made full or nearly full recoveries after spending hours with no breath or pulse, buried in snow or submerged in very cold water. Surgeons sometimes create these conditions intentionally, chilling patients' bodies or stopping their hearts from performing complex, dangerous operations; recently, they have begun trying such techniques on severely injured trauma victims, keeping them between life and death until their wounds can be repaired.

Question (20) What is the tone of the passage?

(a). Cautiously optimistic

(b) Excited and exuberant

(c) Awe inspiring

(d) Objective

Answer: (c)

Question (21). According to the passage, with improvements in medical technology,

(a). Some people have been brought back from the brink of death.

(b). Few have been lucky enough to be brought back from the brink of death.

(c). Death is inevitable.

(d) Doctors assume the role of God.

Answer: (a)

Question (22). It is probably true that:

(a). People can be kept alive with the help of improved medical technology.

(b). Hearts can be stopped and started again

(c). People with no breath or pulse for several hours can be saved.

(d). Surgeons love their work

Options:

(1). None of the above

(2). Only a, b, and c

(3). All of the above.

(4). Only b

Answer: (2)

Question (23). If the information in the above passage is true, then which of the following must also be true?

(a). Medical technology will one day beat death altogether

(b). People aspire to live longer

(c). Medical technology is finding out ways to beat death

(d). Medical technology is finding out newer ways to beat death

Answer: (c)

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Passage No. 7 ( Question 24)

The government's offer to make iodized salt available at a low price of one rupee per kilo is welcome, especially since the government seems to be so concerned about the ill effects of non-iodized salt. But it is doubtful whether the offer will be implemented. Way back in 1994, the government, in an earlier effort, had prepared reports outlining three new and simple but experimental methods for reducing the costs of iodization to about five paise per kilo. But these reports have remained just those- paper reports.

Question (24). Which of the following, if true, most undermines the author's contention that it is doubtful whether the offer will actually be implemented?

(a). The government proposes to save on costs using the three methods it has already devised for iodization.

(b). The chain of fair-price distribution outlets now covers all the state districts.

(c). Many small-scale and joint-sector units have completed trials to use the three iodization

methods for regular production.

(d). The government which initiated the earlier effort is in place even today and has more information on the effects of the monitor for all.

Answer: (c)

Conclusion

In conclusion, mastering CLAT passage solving questions for critical reasoning is essential for success in the CLAT exam. You can develop a strong analytical mindset and effectively evaluate arguments by practising and honing your skills. Here are the key takeaways:

• Understand the different question types and their specific requirements of passage based questions for CLAT.
• Pay attention to the structure of the argument and identify the key components.
• Look for evidence or reasoning that either weakens or strengthens the argument.
• Identify underlying assumptions that support the argument.
• Practice identifying flaws or errors in the given argument.
• Be prepared to address paradoxical or conflicting information.
• Evaluate the validity and soundness of the conclusion.

Incorporating these strategies into your preparation can boost your performance in CLAT passage solving questions and enhance your critical reasoning abilities. Good luck!