Important Articles for Judiciary Preparation in the Constitution of India

The Indian Constitution is of utmost importance for all Judiciary Aspirants. No matter which state you are targeting for Judiciary, Constitution holds a very important part in all stages of examination, be it Prelims, Mains or Interview. You will always have a lot questions from The Constitution of India. 

In this article we will discuss:

• Importance of Constitution for your judiciary preparation
• Important Facts about the Constitution of India
• Important Articles for Judiciary Preparation

Certain provisions of the constitution, however, must be thoroughly understood by anyone wishing to practise law in India or pursue a profession in law. This article discusses several key characteristics and parts of the Indian Constitution that every legal student should be aware of. 

This Article is a complete overview of all the important provisions and information that a Judicairy Aspirant must have for their preparation.

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Must Know Facts of Indian Constitution:

• The Indian Constitution is the world's longest and most comprehensive constitution.
• The Preamble and Constitution of the United States of America influenced the Preamble and Constitution of India.
• Provisions related to Federal Scheme, Office of governor, Judiciary, Public Service Commissions, Emergency provisions and Administrative details were taken from the Government of India Act, 1935.
• Concurrent list, Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse and Joint-sitting of the two Houses of Parliament were borrowed from Australia.
• Federation with a strong Centre, Vesting of residuary powers in the Centre, Appointment of state governors by the Centre and Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court were borrowed from Canada.
• Directive Principles of State Policy and Method of election of the President were borrowed from Ireland.
• Fundamental duties and Ideals of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble were taken from Russia.
• Parliamentary form of Government, Rule of Law, Legislative procedure, Single Citizenship, Cabinet system, Prerogative writs, Parliamentary privileges and Bicameralism were adopted from UK.
• Fundamental rights, Independence of judiciary,Judicial review, Impeachment of the president, Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges and Post of Vice-President were adopted from US.
• Procedure for amendment in the Indian Constitution and Election of members of Rajya Sabha were adopted from South Africa.

IMPORTANT ARTICLES IN INDIAN CONSTITUTION FOR JUDICIARY PREPARATION:

ARTICLE	DETAILS
Article 1 - 4	Name, Formation and Establishment of State
Article 12 - 35	Deals with the fundamental rights of the constitution
Article 36 - 51	Deals with the directive principles of state policy
Article 51A	Deals with the fundamental duties of every citizen of India
Article 52 -74	President
Article 76	Attorney–General for India
Article 79	Constitution of Parliament
Article 80	Deals with the seat matrix of the Rajya Sabha
Article 81	Deals with the seat matrix of the Lok Sabha
Article 83	Duration of Houses of Parliament
Article 93	The speakers and Deputy speakers of the house of the people
Article 105	Powers, Privileges, etc. of the House of Parliament
Article 105	Special procedure in respects of money bills
Article 110	Definition of “Money Bills”
Article 112	Annual Financial Budget
Article 114	Appropriation Bills
Article 123 - 130	Powers of the President to promulgate Ordinances, Supreme Court
Article 136	Special leaves for an appeal to the Supreme Court
Article 141	Decision of the Supreme Court of India binding on all the courts
Article 148	Comptroller and Auditor– General of India
Article 149	Duties and Powers of CAG
Article 153, 154	Governors of State, Executive Powers of Governor
Article 161	Pardoning powers of the Governor
Article 165	Advocate–General of the State
Article 213 - 215	Power of Governor to promulgate ordinances, High Courts for states
Article 226	Power of High Courts to issue certain writs
Article 233	Appointment of District judges
Article 235	Control over Subordinate Courts
Article 243 A	Gram Sabha
Article 243 B	Constitution of Panchayats
Article 266	Consolidated Fund and Public Accounts Fund
Article 267	Contingency Fund of India
Article 280	Finance Commission
Article 300 A	Right to property
Article 301 - 302	Freedom to trade, commerce, and intercourse
Article 312	All– India–Service
Article 315	Public service commissions for the union and for the states
Article 320	Functions of Public Service Commission
Article 323 A	Administrative Tribunals
Article 324 - 326	Superintendence, direction and control of Elections to be vested in an Election Commission
Article 338	National Commission for the SC & ST
Article 340	Appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes
Article 343	Provides Hindi as the official language
Article 352	Proclamation of emergency (National Emergency)
Article 356	Deals with the imposition of President’s rule in states
Article 360	Financial Emergency
Article 361	Protection of President and Governors
Article 368	Powers of Parliaments to amend the constitution
Article 370	Deals with the special status of Kashmir (Repealed on August 5 & 6, 2019)
Article 395	Repeals India Independence Act and Government of India Act, 1935

Originally, the constitution had provided for 7 basic fundamental rights but now there are only six rights. The Right to Property U/A 31 was deleted from the list of fundamental rights by the 44th Amendment Act 1978. It made a legal right U/A 300-A in Part XII of the constitution. 

Read Tips to Remember Articles of Indian Constitution

Important pointers on Constitution of India

• The Indian Constitution was not typed or printed in its original form. They were penned by hand and are currently maintained in a helium-filled cabinet in the Parliamentary Library.
• The initial copies of the Indian Constitution were authored by Prem Bihari Narain Raizada.
• The fundamental rights recognised by the Indian Constitution were adapted from the American Constitution's fundamental rights.
• The original copy of the Constitution of India was signed by 283 members of the Constituent Assembly.
• The Indian Constitution is one of the best and most prestigious constitutions in the world.
• The concept of the five-year plan was derived from the Soviet Union's or USSR's five-year planning commission (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics).
• In India's courts, around 2.18 crore cases are still pending and there are over 22.2 million persons on trial, more than the whole population of the Netherlands.
• The Indian Constitution was originally written in English and Hindi and was originally 1,17,369 words long in English.
• Artists from Shantiniketan adorned every page of India's Constitution.
• On December 9, 1946, the Constituent Assembly convened for the first time.It took about three years to write and complete the Indian Constitution.
• In the original draft of the Indian Constitution, almost 2,000 revisions were made.
• On November 26, 1949, the Indian Constitution's final draught was completed and on January 24, 1950, India's Constitution was signed and finally on January 26, 1950, the Indian Constitution became legally binding.
• The Indian Constitution incorporates various elements from the constitutions of other countries, including Japan, Germany, the Soviet Union, the United States of America, France, and others.

Conclusion:

Constitution is important and having a conceptual command in it will always keep you one step ahead in your preparation. Therefore take every Article mentioned above seriously and memorise them along with important case laws and amendment. Constitution is also important for students appearing for CLAT and other law entrance exams.